King Narmer
Egypt was divided into two kingdoms, Upper and Lower Egypt, or the two lands. The first was founded in Lower Egypt, with Botu as its capital, the Papyrus as its sign, and the snake as its symbol. The Southern Kingdom had Nekhen as its capital, and the Lotus as its sign. King Narmer was the first to unite Upper and Lower Egypt
giving birth to Egypt in 3100 B. c & laying the foundation for the first pharaonic dynasty ,which is the beginning of the first Egyptian Dynasty 0.
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He was the first king of the two lands wearing the White Crown of Upper Egypt (looks like a bowling pin), and the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. . His rule marked the beginning of written history and the era of dynasties, which followed in succession until the 30th Dynasty. The Egyptian Dynasty ended with the suicide of Cleopatra, and the Roman army under Octavian taking Egypt in 30 BC.
·The Old Kingdom (2980 BC-2475 BC):
During this era, principles of central government were established. Menes (Narmar) was called “the King of Both Lands and Bearer of Both Crowns”. The unification of both kingdoms had a significant impact on the development of Egypt in all aspects of life. Hieroglyphic writing was devised.
Kings were actively involved in securing the country’s borders. Trade between Egypt and Sudan was developed. Egypt, then embarked on a glorious period of its history, known as the pyramid builder’s age, where the first pyramid of Saqqara was built.
With the flourishing of agriculture, industry and trade, the first river fleet was introduced by the Egyptians.
With the unification of Upper& Lower Egypt, it was necessary to establish
a strong army whose headquarter was the city of Menf. Narmar also established the Egyptian first fleet in With the beginning of the third
Pharaonic Dynasty in 2686 B.C, Egypt was exposed to manyraids by
the nomads on its eastern borders, the thing that urged king Zosar
to establish army with its own military traditions and its distinct banners.
This army was regarded as the first regular army in history, Later on,
” Zosar ” organized Egypt into districts where he set, companies. Moreover,
he established his own royal army made up of corps, and established a substantial fleet as well.
King Narmer is thought to have reigned c. 3150 BCE as first king of the 1st dynasty (and/or last king of the 0 dynasty) of a unified ancient Egypt. The rebus of his name as shown on his palette and on other inscriptions is composed of a chisel, thought to be read mr, above a catfish, thought to be read as n’r. King Narmer, or Catfish as he could also be called, appears thus on seal impressions from the 1st Dynasty tombs of King Den (tomb) and King Ka (Tomb) at Abydos . Narmer’s name and that of his possible predecessor Scorpion have also been found on pottery vessels from the site of Minshat Abu Omar in the eastern Delta. private guided holiday